Aims : To gain insights into the mechanism of bacterial drug resistance, learn about the molecular epidemiology of M. tuberculosis and the biological mechanisms that facilitate bacterial transmission, become alert about the latest official drug resistance surveillance data, become aware of the latest treatment outcome data, learn about the latest research findings regarding optimisation of the management of M/XDR-TB, become aware of the key aspects of the consensus statement for the management of M/XDR-TB and understand the WHO strategy for TB control and elimination.