Aims : To illustrate and highlight radiological-pathological correlations in different lung diseases. Professionals interested in respiratory medicine often have a certain knowledge regarding the interpretation of radiological images but are less well informed about how to recognise radiological-pathological correlations. When participating in interdisciplinary conferences and advisory boards (for example, when dealing with ILDs and severe cases of lung emphysema, and when making therapeutic decisions in lung cancer), it is necessary to correlate clinical, radiological, and pathological findings.