Aims : To evaluate the pathophysiology of exercise intolerance in children and adolescents with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), asthma, congenital heart disease (CHD), and cystic fibrosis (CF); to provide updates on recent advances in paediatric exercise intervention research; to describe strategies to promote physical activity in paediatric respiratory disease patients; to describe diagnostic approaches to assess exercise capacity in paediatric respiratory diseases patients; and to compare the safety and efficacy of exercise regimes among children with respiratory disease.