Aims : to review healthcare pathways for people living with chronic breathlessness, from their first presentation to palliation, highlighting the role of integrated care throughout; to critically appraise research and clinical care evaluations of integrated diagnostic pathways for chronic breathlessness to achieve earlier diagnosis and treatment; to discuss the role of artificial intelligence in diagnostic pathways for chronic breathlessness; to review the role of nonpharmacological management for chronic breathlessness including the multidisciplinary team and rehabilitation; to discuss specific causes of breathlessness, such as breathing pattern disorder, exercise-induced laryngeal obstruction and excessive dynamic airway collapse, and their respective management for clinicians to appropriately diagnose and manage breathlessness; to describe complex interventions for distressing breathlessness including breathlessness support services.